Solid waste, also referred to as
Refuse-Derived Fuel (RDF), includes
plastics, scrap fabric, packaging paper, nylon strings, and other industrial or municipal solid residues. These materials often have high heterogeneity and can contain contaminants like metals, stones, or glass.
Such waste is generated in large volumes in urban areas, industrial zones, and manufacturing hubs worldwide, particularly in
Europe, North America, East and Southeast Asia. Transforming solid waste into RDF pellets not only reduces landfill pressure but also provides a stable, high-calorific fuel for biomass power plants and industrial boilers.
RDF and other processed special material pellets generally have a
calorific value of 14–20 MJ/kg (approximately 3,300–4,800 kcal/kg), depending on material composition and moisture content.
Recommended Process Flow Solid Waste → Shredding → Grinding → Pelletizing → Cooling → Packaging
Key Equipment Configuration Dual-Roller Shredder Shreds heterogeneous solid waste into uniform small pieces.
Hammer Mill Further reduces particle size for stable pellet formation.
Pellet Machine Compresses processed RDF into dense pellets.
Counterflow Cooler Gradually cools hot pellets to improve durability and storage stability.
Packing Machine Enables small bag or ton bag packaging according to market requirements.
Why This Solution Works Solid waste and special materials are highly heterogeneous, which can easily damage conventional equipment. Installing a magnetic separator on the belt conveyor ensures that metallic contaminants are removed before fine grinding and pelletizing. Combined with dual-roller shredding, this creates uniform feed, minimizes maintenance, ensures continuous operation, and delivers consistent RDF pellets with predictable energy performance.
Processing Notes & Technical Considerations Target particle size before pelletizing: <10 mm.
Magnetic separation on the conveyor protects downstream equipment.
Moisture content should be controlled below 15% for optimal densification.
End Product & Applications RDF and special material pellets are used in biomass power plants, industrial boilers, cement kilns, and co-firing facilities. They provide an environmentally-friendly solution to urban and industrial solid waste while supplying high-calorific fuel.
Data Reference & Industry Sources Calorific values, process references, and application data are based on IEA Bioenergy, European Waste-to-Energy studies, and global RDF utilization reports.
